The population of striped snakehead, Channa striata (Bloch, 1793), in nature is greatly declining, so efforts are needed for domestication. The reproductive biology of fish plays a significant role in fish domestication. The purpose of this study was to determine the morphology of the gonadosomatic index (GSI) and gonado maturity level (GML) of snakehead fish in three types of swamp waters. Data were analyzed using descriptive methods and one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) post hoc test to determine significant differences across maturity stages and habitats. The study was conducted from May to September 2025. The fishing locations were in swamp waters in Danau Bangkau, Tanah Laut, and Batola, South Kalimantan. Fifty fish samples were taken, with almost the same weight and length, every 15 days at five stations. The study found peak GSI in monotonous swamps (5.07±0.07%) in September, indicating optimal spawning conditions. Maximum GSI values and peak period. The identification of monotonous swamps as the habitat supporting the highest reproductive investment and September as the peak spawning period offers clear guidance for broodstock sourcing and breeding schedules. Selecting broodstock during peak maturity and from habitats with naturally elevated GSI values may enhance spawning success, egg quality, and seed production efficiency in hatchery systems. These findings support habitat-informed broodstock management and reproductive synchronization strategies, thereby strengthening the scientific basis for sustainable domestication and large-scale aquaculture development of snakehead fish.
